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Business Analyst Job Description

A Business Analyst (BA) uncovers, documents, and communicates business requirements so that solutions — whether technology implementations, process improvements, or organisational changes — genuinely address the underlying need rather than a symptom. Great BAs are intellectually rigorous questioners who can translate ambiguous stakeholder wishes into precise, testable requirements. They sit at the intersection of business and delivery, ensuring that what gets built is what was actually needed.

Key skills

Requirements elicitation and documentation (user stories, use cases, BRDs)Process mapping and gap analysis (BPMN, swimlane diagrams)Data analysis and SQL queryingStakeholder facilitation and workshop designAcceptance criteria definition and UAT supportBusiness case developmentWireframing and UX prototyping for requirements communicationAgile and waterfall delivery methodology

Responsibilities

  • • Elicit, analyse, and document business requirements through stakeholder interviews and workshops
  • • Produce clear and testable user stories, process maps, and functional specifications
  • • Conduct gap analysis between current state and desired future state
  • • Support the prioritisation of requirements against business value and feasibility
  • • Collaborate with developers, testers, and project managers throughout the delivery lifecycle
  • • Define acceptance criteria and support user acceptance testing
  • • Develop business cases with cost-benefit analysis for proposed initiatives
  • • Maintain a traceability matrix linking requirements to delivered solutions

Requirements

  • • 3+ years of business analysis experience on technology or process improvement projects
  • • Demonstrable ability to produce high-quality requirements documentation independently
  • • Proficiency in process modelling and ability to facilitate cross-functional workshops
  • • Working knowledge of Agile delivery — able to write clear user stories and contribute to sprint planning
  • • Analytical skills including data analysis using Excel, SQL, or a BI tool
  • • Strong written communication — requirements must be unambiguous and testable

Nice to have

  • • BCS, IIBA CBAP, or equivalent business analysis certification
  • • Experience with the specific domain (e.g. financial services, healthcare, e-commerce)
  • • Familiarity with product discovery techniques and UX research methods

What to look for in a great Business Analyst

The hallmark of a great BA is the quality of their questions, not just their documentation. In an interview, watch how they probe for underlying need rather than accepting a stated requirement at face value — do they ask 'why?' enough? Ask to see a sample of their requirements documentation: it should be precise, unambiguous, and testable. Strong BAs are also comfortable in conflict — when a stakeholder's requested feature contradicts another's need, they surface and resolve it rather than silently documenting both and letting development discover the inconsistency.

Where to source Business Analyst candidates

Consulting graduates who have spent time in business transformation or technology consulting are a strong pipeline — they arrive with structured thinking and stakeholder management experience from complex environments. Operations roles that have grown an analytical component (operations analyst, process improvement specialist) are another fertile source. Data analysts who want to move closer to business change are increasingly common career changers with relevant analytical rigour. BCS, IIBA, and Agile community events surface practitioners who invest in their craft.

Interview questions to ask a Business Analyst

Present a vague requirement ('The business wants a dashboard') and ask them to walk through how they would scope and clarify it — this is the most revealing exercise you can run. Follow with 'Tell me about a project where the requirements changed significantly mid-delivery and how you managed it.' Ask 'How do you handle a stakeholder who cannot agree on what they want?' to probe facilitation and conflict resolution skills. Finish with a technical angle: 'Walk me through a piece of analysis you did recently — what did you look at, what did you find, and what decision did it inform?'

FAQ

Hiring a Business Analyst — FAQs

What does a Business Analyst do? +
A Business Analyst identifies and documents what a business needs from a change initiative — whether a technology project, a process redesign, or an organisational change. They elicit requirements through interviews and workshops, produce clear documentation, support solution design, define acceptance criteria, and help ensure delivered solutions match the original business need. They work across the full project lifecycle, from discovery to UAT.
What skills does a Business Analyst need? +
Requirements documentation, process mapping, facilitation, data analysis, and clear written communication are core technical skills. Equally important are critical thinking — the ability to challenge assumptions and identify unstated needs — and interpersonal skills for navigating competing stakeholder priorities. Working knowledge of Agile methodologies and proficiency with at least one modelling or diagramming tool are standard in most contexts.
How much does a Business Analyst earn? +
BA salaries vary by sector, project complexity, seniority, and geography. BAs in regulated industries such as financial services or healthcare typically earn more than those in less regulated sectors. Holding a recognised certification (BCS Practitioner, CBAP) and demonstrable experience on large-scale transformation programmes can increase earning potential. Contractor day rates differ substantially from permanent salaries. Current local market benchmarks are the best reference.
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